Fast Facts

Bids, basis, rain, drought, rent and land value for your place, each with its source and date. Then the farm reference tables: corn N rates, P and K by soil test, manure, crop stages, pest thresholds and conversions.

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Reference tables, with current prices

Fast Facts: farm reference tables

How much N to put on corn at posted prices, then P and K by soil test, manure, lime, crop stages, pest thresholds and conversions.

Updated Oct 22, 2026; tables checked Oct 16, 2026 · rates from UW Extension A2809 (Wisconsin) unless a table names another source · Sources

Corn N rate at posted prices

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$/lb N -N:corn -A2809 column -

Rates from UW A2809 Table 6.1 (Mar 2026 edition), Wisconsin trials, starter included. Subtract manure and second-year alfalfa credits; after corn or a forage legume, also first-year legume credits. Outside Wisconsin, run the same prices in Iowa State's Corn N Rate Calculator, which several Corn Belt states use for their own rates. Full table and credits →

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Corn N Rates by Soil and Price Ratio (A2809 Table 6.1)

Total lb N/ac, starter included. The big number is the rate with the most return to N (MRTN, the maximum return to nitrogen); under it, every rate within $1/ac of that return. N:corn ratio = $ per lb of N ÷ $ per bu of corn. The column for the prices in the box at the top is marked.

Which end of the range (A2809):
Upper end: more than half the soil covered by residue, or all N from manure.
Low end: over 10% organic matter, or N left from last year. Or take the high end less the N a spring soil nitrate test (PPNT) finds.
High end: any soil under 2% organic matter.
Middle to low: corn after small grains, and sands with 2 to 9.9% organic matter.
Soil Type & Previous CropN:Corn Price Ratio
0.050.100.150.20
Loamy: High Yield Potential
Corn, forage legumes, legume veg, green manures190170–210165155–180150140–160135125–150
Soybean, small grains140125–160120105–13010595–1159080–105
Loamy: Medium Yield Potential
Corn, forage legumes, legume veg, green manures145130–160125115–140115105–12510595–110
Soybean, small grains130110–15010085–1208570–957060–80
Sands / Loamy Sands: Irrigated
All crops215200–230200185–210185175–195175165–185
Sands / Loamy Sands: Non-Irrigated
All crops140130–150130120–140120110–130110100–120
Legume N Credits
Alfalfa: 1st Year (lb N/ac)
Stand QualityFine/Med >8"Fine/Med <8"Sandy >8"Sandy <8"
Good, 4+ plants/ft²190150140100
Fair, 1.5–4 plants/ft²16012011070
Poor, <1.5 plants/ft²130908040
Red clover and birdsfoot trefoil: 80% of the alfalfa credit for a like stand. Second year after a good or fair stand: 50 lb N/ac on medium and fine soils, none on sands. A2809 Table 9.4.
Green Manure and Field Crop Credits
Alfalfa green manure, over 6"60–100 lb N/ac
Red clover green manure, over 6"50–80 lb N/ac
Sweet clover green manure, over 6"80–120 lb N/ac
Any green manure, under 6"40 lb N/ac
Soybean, pea, snap, lima or dry bean, to crops other than corn or wheat20 lb N/ac
Green manures: upper end for spring seedings plowed down the next spring, lower end for fall seedings (Table 9.5). No soybean credit for corn or wheat: the corn-after-soybean rows above already count it. No field-crop legume credit on sands (Table 9.6).
Common Fertilizer Products: % Nutrient Content
Product% N% P₂O₅% K₂OOtherlbs/gal
Nitrogen Sources
Anhydrous Ammonia (AA)8200n/an/a
Urea4600n/an/a
UAN 32%3200n/a11.1
UAN 28%2800n/a10.6
Ammonium Sulfate (AMS)210024% Sn/a
Ammonium Nitrate3400n/an/a
Phosphorus Sources
DAP18460n/an/a
MAP11520n/an/a
MAP + Sulfur (12-40-0-10S)1240010% Sn/a
Triple Superphosphate (TSP)0460n/an/a
10-34-0 liquid10340n/a11.6
Potassium Sources
MOP (Muriate of Potash)0060–62n/an/a
SOP (Potassium Sulfate)005018% Sn/a
K-Mag (0-0-22)002222% S, 10.8% Mgn/a
9-18-9 starter liquid9189n/a11.1
K-Mag: 22% K₂O, 22% S and 10.8% Mg are the guaranteed minimums on the maker's 2025 K-Mag Granular data sheet (revised Jan 2025).
Liquid weights: 1 gal water = 8.34 lb · UAN 28% = 10.6 lb/gal · UAN 32% = 11.1 lb/gal · 10-34-0 = 11.6 lb/gal

Common questions

How much nitrogen should I apply to corn?
It depends on your soil, the last crop and the N:corn price ratio: the price of a pound of N divided by the price of a bushel of corn. UW Extension A2809 (Mar 2026 web edition), from Wisconsin trials, gives corn after soybeans on high-yield loamy soil 140 lb N at a 0.05 ratio, 120 at 0.10, 105 at 0.15 and 90 at 0.20. Corn after corn on the same soil gets 190, 165, 150 and 135. Subtract manure and legume credits. The N box on the Reference tables tab works out the ratio from posted N and corn prices. Outside Wisconsin, use your state's MRTN rates.
What is my manure worth in fertilizer value?
Multiply the total N, P2O5 and K2O in each ton or 1,000 gallons by what those nutrients cost as urea, MAP and potash. That is the value of all of it. A crop can use 80% of the P2O5 and K2O and 25 to 65% of the N the first year, by UW Extension A2809. The Manure tab has the pounds by manure type and a calculator at dated posted prices. The manure value page at agsist.com/manure-value prices every manure type, an acre and for a whole field.
What is the economic threshold for soybean aphid?
250 aphids per plant on average, aphids on more than 80% of plants, and the population rising. That threshold runs through R5. University of Minnesota Extension sets no threshold for R6.
How do I calculate growing degree units for corn?
GDU (base 50°F) = [(daily max temp, capped at 86°F) + (daily min temp, floor at 50°F)] / 2 - 50. Accumulate daily from planting.
When is it worth spraying Japanese beetles on corn silks?
Iowa State says spray only when all three are true: three or more beetles per ear, silks clipped to less than an inch, and pollination not done yet. Feeding is worse at the field edge, so look across the whole field before you make the call.
When do I start and stop scouting beans for aphids?
Minnesota Extension says start in mid to late June and keep going until R6.5, when pods and leaves begin to yellow, whatever the calendar says. Once a field has aphids, check it every week, because they build fast.

Sources and terms

Every number on this page comes from one of these, read on the date shown. Prices are dated where they appear. Found a wrong number? Email sig@agsist.com and I will fix it.

  • UW Extension A2809, Laboski and Peters, Mar 2026.
  • Purdue NCH-40: corn GDU by stage, the same table as the GDU calculator.
  • Insects: UW L023 corn IPM scouting sheet, SDSU Extension, Iowa State ICM News and UMN Extension, each linked under the threshold table.
  • Iowa State, Grain drying considerations this fall (2019): propane per bushel per point. UMN Extension: planting date and frost.
  • K-Mag Granular data sheet (2025): K-Mag analysis.
  • Prices: fertilizer from co-op posted cash prices (fertilizer prices, dated); corn, soybean and wheat futures are delayed CBOT closes; state corn basis is the median of AGSIST elevator bids this week (cash bids).
  • Iowa State Corn N Rate Calculator for N rates outside Wisconsin. USDA NASS for state production. This product uses the NASS API but is not endorsed or certified by NASS.

Sig Lindquist, CCA, Chetek, Wisconsin. No sponsor sets any number here.